Gyrodactylus spp. diversity in native and introduced minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) populations: no support for “the enemy release” hypothesis
Identifieur interne : 000007 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000006; suivant : 000008Gyrodactylus spp. diversity in native and introduced minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) populations: no support for “the enemy release” hypothesis
Auteurs : Ruben Alexander Pettersen [Norvège] ; Kjartan Stbye [Norvège] ; Johannes Holmen [Norvège] ; Leif Asbj Rn V Llestad [Norvège] ; Tor Atle Mo [Norvège]Source :
- Parasites & Vectors [ 1756-3305 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Translocation of native species and introduction of non-native species are potentially harmful to the existing biota by introducing e.g. diseases, parasites and organisms that may negatively affect the native species. The enemy release hypothesis states that parasite species will be lost from host populations when the host is introduced into new environments.
We tested the enemy release hypothesis by comparing 14 native and 29 introduced minnow (
The native and introduced minnow populations had similar species compositions of
In this study it was observed that native and introduced minnow populations did not differ in their species community of
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1306-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1306-y
PubMed: 26822543
PubMed Central: 4730603
Affiliations:
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Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey=" Stbye, Kjartan" sort=" Stbye, Kjartan" uniqKey=" Stbye K" first="Kjartan" last=" Stbye">Kjartan Stbye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Hedmark University College, Campus Evenstad, Elverum, NO 2418 Norway</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">NO 2418 Norway</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Holmen, Johannes" sort="Holmen, Johannes" uniqKey="Holmen J" first="Johannes" last="Holmen">Johannes Holmen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="V Llestad, Leif Asbj Rn" sort="V Llestad, Leif Asbj Rn" uniqKey="V Llestad L" first="Leif Asbj Rn" last="V Llestad">Leif Asbj Rn V Llestad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mo, Tor Atle" sort="Mo, Tor Atle" uniqKey="Mo T" first="Tor Atle" last="Mo">Tor Atle Mo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156, Dep. NO-0033, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156, Dep. NO-0033, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26822543</idno><idno type="pmc">4730603</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4730603</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4730603</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/s13071-016-1306-y</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000048</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000048</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000048</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000048</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000003</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000003</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000419</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000419</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000419</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000007</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000007</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000007</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main"><italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> spp. diversity in native and introduced minnow (<italic>Phoxinus phoxinus</italic>) populations: no support for “the enemy release” hypothesis</title><author><name sortKey="Pettersen, Ruben Alexander" sort="Pettersen, Ruben Alexander" uniqKey="Pettersen R" first="Ruben Alexander" last="Pettersen">Ruben Alexander Pettersen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey=" Stbye, Kjartan" sort=" Stbye, Kjartan" uniqKey=" Stbye K" first="Kjartan" last=" Stbye">Kjartan Stbye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Hedmark University College, Campus Evenstad, Elverum, NO 2418 Norway</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">NO 2418 Norway</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Holmen, Johannes" sort="Holmen, Johannes" uniqKey="Holmen J" first="Johannes" last="Holmen">Johannes Holmen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="V Llestad, Leif Asbj Rn" sort="V Llestad, Leif Asbj Rn" uniqKey="V Llestad L" first="Leif Asbj Rn" last="V Llestad">Leif Asbj Rn V Llestad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P. O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mo, Tor Atle" sort="Mo, Tor Atle" uniqKey="Mo T" first="Tor Atle" last="Mo">Tor Atle Mo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156, Dep. NO-0033, Oslo, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156, Dep. NO-0033, Oslo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Parasites & Vectors</title><idno type="eISSN">1756-3305</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Translocation of native species and introduction of non-native species are potentially harmful to the existing biota by introducing e.g. diseases, parasites and organisms that may negatively affect the native species. The enemy release hypothesis states that parasite species will be lost from host populations when the host is introduced into new environments.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>We tested the enemy release hypothesis by comparing 14 native and 29 introduced minnow (<italic>Phoxinus phoxinus</italic>) populations in Norway with regard to the ectoparasitic <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> species community and load (on caudal fin). Here, we used a nominal logistic regression on presence/absence of <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> spp. and a generalized linear model on the summed number of <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> spp. on infected populations, with individual minnow heterozygosity (based on 11 microsatellites) as a covariate. In addition, a sample-based rarefaction analysis was used to test if the <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic>-species specific load differed between native and introduced minnow populations. An analysis of molecular variance was performed to test for hierarchical population structure between the two groups and to test for signals of population bottlenecks the two-phase model in the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used. To test for demographic population expansion events in the introduced minnow population, we used the kg-test under a stepwise mutation model.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The native and introduced minnow populations had similar species compositions of <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic>, lending no support to the enemy release hypothesis. The two minnow groups did not differ in the likelihood of being infected with <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> spp. Considering only infected minnow populations it was evident that native populations had a significantly higher mean abundance of <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> spp. than introduced populations. The results showed that homozygotic minnows had a higher <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> spp. infection than more heterozygotic hosts. Using only infected individuals, the two minnow groups did not differ in their mean number of <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> spp. However, a similar negative association between heterozygosity and abundance was observed in the native and introduced group. There was no evidence for demographic bottlenecks in the minnow populations, implying that introduced populations retained a high degree of genetic variation, indicating that the number of introduced minnows may have been large or that introductions have been happening repeatedly. This could partly explain the similar species composition of <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> in the native and introduced minnow populations.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>In this study it was observed that native and introduced minnow populations did not differ in their species community of <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> spp., lending no support to the enemy release hypothesis. A negative association between individual minnow host heterozygosity and the number of <italic>Gyrodactylus</italic> spp. was detected. Our results suggest that the enemy release hypothesis does not necessarily limit fish parasite dispersal, further emphasizing the importance of invasive fish species dispersal control.</p></sec><sec><title>Electronic supplementary material</title><p>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1306-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vitousek, Pm" uniqKey="Vitousek P">PM Vitousek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mooney, Ha" uniqKey="Mooney H">HA Mooney</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lubchenco, J" uniqKey="Lubchenco J">J Lubchenco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Melillo, Jm" uniqKey="Melillo J">JM Melillo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rahel, Fj" uniqKey="Rahel F">FJ Rahel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Olden, Jd" uniqKey="Olden J">JD 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Ra" uniqKey="Pettersen R">RA Pettersen</name></author><author><name sortKey="V Llestad, La" uniqKey="V Llestad L">LA Vøllestad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flodmark, Lew" uniqKey="Flodmark L">LEW Flodmark</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poleo, Abs" uniqKey="Poleo A">ABS Poléo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Poleo, Abs" uniqKey="Poleo A">ABS Poléo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schjolden, J" uniqKey="Schjolden J">J Schjolden</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hansen, H" uniqKey="Hansen H">H Hansen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bakke, Ta" uniqKey="Bakke T">TA Bakke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mo, Ta" uniqKey="Mo T">TA Mo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rosseland, Bo" uniqKey="Rosseland B">BO Rosseland</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lyles, Am" uniqKey="Lyles A">AM Lyles</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dobson, Ap" uniqKey="Dobson A">AP Dobson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bernhardt, B" uniqKey="Bernhardt B">B Bernhardt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lampert, Kp" uniqKey="Lampert K">KP Lampert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leese, F" uniqKey="Leese F">F Leese</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mayer, C" uniqKey="Mayer C">C Mayer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tollrian, R" uniqKey="Tollrian R">R Tollrian</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Norvège</li></country></list><tree><country name="Norvège"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pettersen, Ruben Alexander" sort="Pettersen, Ruben Alexander" uniqKey="Pettersen R" first="Ruben Alexander" last="Pettersen">Ruben Alexander Pettersen</name></noRegion><name sortKey=" Stbye, Kjartan" sort=" Stbye, Kjartan" uniqKey=" Stbye K" first="Kjartan" last=" Stbye">Kjartan Stbye</name><name sortKey="Holmen, Johannes" sort="Holmen, Johannes" uniqKey="Holmen J" first="Johannes" last="Holmen">Johannes Holmen</name><name sortKey="Mo, Tor Atle" sort="Mo, Tor Atle" uniqKey="Mo T" first="Tor Atle" last="Mo">Tor Atle Mo</name><name sortKey="V Llestad, Leif Asbj Rn" sort="V Llestad, Leif Asbj Rn" uniqKey="V Llestad L" first="Leif Asbj Rn" last="V Llestad">Leif Asbj Rn V Llestad</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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